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研習/計畫案名稱	中高齡與婦女勞動力再就業行動方案研究
推動委員會審核通過日期	2017-03-24

[摘要] :
台灣隨著少子化、高齡化社會所造成的勞動力缺口，加上產業人力需求的改變，形成中高齡及婦女再就業的障礙。高齡化社會已是全球現象，各國政府積極的改善勞動條件及補助，盼望提高中高齡與婦女的勞動力參與率。但近年來致力於改善勞動力參與率的台灣，中高齡與婦女勞動力參與率低於先進與部分的亞洲國家，而且中高齡婦女再就業也呈現「倒V字形」趨勢，而非他國婦女就業所呈現M字形雙高峰趨勢。本研究著力於探討中高齡與婦女的再就業現象與趨勢分析，以國內外中高齡與婦女再就業案例，以及分享經濟個案成功模式，作為提升中高齡與婦女勞動力參與率的行動方案的參考。由分享經濟的資源共享、彈性工時、科技導入等特性，結合中高齡與婦女再就業的非典型就業方案，提出提升勞動力參與率的建議與規劃行動方案的參考。
本團隊所規劃的再就業行動方案整合居家照顧產業的醫事護理人員、居家照顧員與關懷陪伴員三個不同職務內容。依據所規劃就業方案與模式，說明所運用的分享經濟模式行動應用平台之內涵與設計，以及如何發展人力應用連結方式。並說明所產出一套二十小時關懷陪伴課程計畫理念包含重返職場倡議與激勵、工作價值感形塑、以及關懷陪伴服務專業能力提升等內涵。透過蒐集課程辦理與社群發展現況資料，進行課程調整、建立社群成員專長資料並分析社群成員如何進行交流、學習、並逐步建立信任與提升工作價值使命感。透過完成辦理五梯次課程，成功建立中高齡與婦女社群「520共好暖暖營」，並以照顧實驗小組研發創新照顧服務模式與價值、透過分享經濟模式平台媒合服務需求者與提供者，以發展中高齡與婦女再就業成功模式。最後，提出中高齡與婦女勞動力再應用個案研究、行動方案與分享經濟模式，以及政策面與法規面的研究結論。具體的結論包含中高齡與婦女勞動力再應用的重要關鍵因素、分享經濟創新模式建構、政策方向與法規修正建議。研究結論提供政府政策、分享經濟新創事業與平台創業者、中高齡與婦女雇用單位、與社會福利非營利事業單位，如何共同合作解決特定社會問題之實務運作參考。

關鍵詞：中高齡與婦女勞動力參與率、再就業、分享經濟、成功關鍵因素、行動平台、社群發展、創新照顧服務模式

[英文摘要] :
The industry transformation and the lack of the labor force, caused by the declining birthrate and increasing aging population, trigger the hinder to the re-employment of the eldly and women population. As the aging society becomes a global problem, many governments engage in policy development for improving labor force condition improvement and providing subsidies to encourage elderly and women to re-participate in the labor market. Taiwan’s elderly and women’s labor force participating rates stay lower to some other developed countries and ones in Asia comparatively. Uniquely, the elderly women’s employment rate of Taiwan shows an inverted V-shaped trend unlike the M-shaped double-peak trend of some countries. This research focuses on re-employment phenomenon and trend analysis of elderly and women. Through exploring the projects and cases of re-employment and sharing economy, the key successful factors are analyzed for the purpose of designing the action project. The re-employment projects and sharing economy cases share common features of resource sharing, flexible working hours, and technology application.
　　The action project is designed by applying the sharing economy model to integrate the service of home care industry including services provided by medical professional, home care and care staff. The mobile APP includes features and specifications for instant care service by connecting the providers and the customers. The twenty- hour course program covers topics to motivate re-participation in the work market, to build work value and to provide skills training . Through the establishment of care community, how members of the community communicate, learn, and gradually build confidence will be recorded and analyzed.
　　Through offering five sessions of training courses and the establishment of the elderly and women community ‘520 Gung Ho Camp’, the care service model is designed and experimented to integrate care service resources with sharing economy matching platform in order to develop a successful re-employment model for the elderly and women. In conclusion, the project proposes several case studies on the elderly and women re-employment issue, action plans, sharing economy models, policy and regulation oriented research findings, such as key variables for influencing re-employment, innovative method of building sharing economy model, policy or regulation revision recommendation. All the above research findings can provide reference for government sector, sharing-economy business model or platform business entrepreneurs, employers of the elderly and women staff and social welfare agencies or not-for-profit organizations to collaboratively solve specific social problems.
Key Words： Elderly and Women Labor Force Participating Rate, Re-employment, Sharing Economy, Successful Factors, APP Platform, Community Development, Innovative Care Service Model

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