研究資料首頁-> 承接政府部門、產學及技術服務案
研究資料明細
| 計畫案/服務案名稱 | 亞歐衛生區域間主義：特性、角色與挑戰 |
| 執行起始日期 | 2013-09-01 |
| 執行結束日期 | 2015-08-31 |
| 專案案號 | 102WFDD600082 |
| 專案類型 | 政府學術研究計畫-科技部專題研究計畫 |
| 計劃性質(選擇項為複選，請依照實際性質勾選) | 非產學計畫案,A1專題研究 |
| 是否為補助教師或在籍學生之人才培育相關課程(計畫)或就業學程 | |
| 工作類別 | 主持人 |
| 計劃主持人 | |
| 共同(協同)主持人 | |
| 經費狀態 | 原核定 |
| 計畫總金額(元) | 587000 |
| 政府出資金額(元) | |
| 企業出資金額(元) | |
| 其他單位出資金額(元) | |
| 學校出資金額(元) | |
| 主要經費來源 | 科技部 |
| 主要經費來源單位名稱 | 科技部 |
| 次要經費來源單位名稱 | |
| 他校轉入的專案 | 否 |
| 專案已轉至他校 | 否 |
[摘要] :
國際衛生的二個特點，也就是發展自十九世紀的國際衛生研討會，及1948年創立國際衛生組織 (WHO)來，所闡明的-國際衛生同時是一種外交行為。由於長期以來，外交政策制定者並不將衛生議題視同為國家安全問題，或認為其對國家經濟，及社會福祉沒有立即威脅，所以國際衛生也一直是邊緣化，甚至被忽略的議題。然而，自冷戰結束以來，外交決策者也都開始關注到了國際衛生的巨大變化，必須要有因應之道。
事實上，由於全球化的過程加速，以及新類型疾病的出現與爆發，人們意識到外交政策的三項核心功能(國家安全、經濟成長，及社會福祉)是很有可能受到公共衛生的相關威脅而弱化；另一方面，以國內、或國際衛生的劃分，已不再具有任何意義，因為許多公共衛生議題，並無畛域之分；由於國家無法獨自面對這些公共衛生的挑戰，更多的集體合作成為必要。如此情況下，衛生外交便成為許多國家外交政策的重要議題，並且衍生眾多的多邊，乃至世界衛生的相關倡議。此外，有越來越多的政府、多邊機構、基金會、非政府組織、跨國，或區域性組織也都致力於改善世界衛生。也由於這股動力，出現一種繁複的全球衛生治理體制，及國際衛生外交。
在不斷變化的環境中，世界各地區之間的衛生交流(例如：衛生區域間主義)呈現明顯增長的現象，尤其是在亞洲與歐洲之間。由於在過去十年間，被定義為區域政治實體之間的制度化關係的區域間主義，儼然成為國際舞台上的顯著特點之一，尤其是為了因應世界衛生相關挑戰，一些具有新決策水平，及新治理架構的區域集團快速擴張，因而此種現象並不令人感到訝異。
鑑於具體理解亞歐衛生區域間主義的發展現況，本研究計畫將以亞歐衛生區域間主義為基點，深入探討下列議題: 亞歐間的衛生區域交流，如何實踐？其功能為何？它們面對的將是何種挑戰？
本課題研究方法主要採用在國際關係學領域中，其現行的理論辯述，而延伸出的分析架構，以進行評估亞歐衛生區域間主義，其不同領域裡的性質、功能，及挑戰，例如：大爆發型流感、人類免疫缺陷病毒/愛滋病、非傳染性疾病、移民健康、醫療保健工作者的流動遷移、關於藥物的智慧財產權、生物技術…等等。通過對於亞歐衛生區域間主義的分析與研究，將會對區域間主義的不同層面有更全面的理解，同時，對於亞歐關係發展，及全球衛生治理本質的演變，也會有更具體的認識。
關鍵字；區域間主義、 全球衛生治理、全球衛生外交、亞歐關係
[英文摘要] :
Health has long possessed the double characteristic of being a diplomatic concern as illustrated by the international sanitary conferences in the nineteenth century and the establishment of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1948, and simultaneously, of being a marginal and neglected issue for foreign policy makers as it was not perceived as a concern of national security or as an immediate threat to national economy and well-being. However, dramatic changes in foreign policy perceptions about health issues as well as in the way to respond to them have occurred since the end of the Cold War.
Indeed, caused by the acceleration of the process of globalization and the outbreaks of (re)emerging diseases, one realized first, that core functions of foreign policy (national security, economic growth and well-being) could be undermined by health-related threats, but also, that the dichotomy between domestic and international health had no longer sense as many health issues do not recognized borders, and finally, that given the fact that States could not deal alone with these health challenges more collective action was needed. In that context, health became an important issue of foreign policy for several States and numerous multilateral and global health initiatives were launched. Additionally, a growing number of actors including governments, multilateral agencies, foundations, NGOs, multinational corporations as well as regional organizations have devoted their efforts to improve global health. As a result, one witnessed an increasing complexity of global health governance.
Within this evolving context, health interactions between regions of the world i.e. health interregionalism represent a noticeable and increasing phenomenon, notably between Asia and Europe. This is not surprising as during the last decade, interregionalism, defined as the institutionalization of relations between regional entities, has become one of the distinctive characteristic of the global scene notably with the proliferation of regional groupings worldwide which has created new levels of decision-making as well as a new structure of governance to respond to various challenges including those related to global health. Aiming at better apprehend this dynamic, this research project proposes then to study Asia-Europe health interregionalism based on these following questions: Once interregional interactions occur between Asia and Europe in the domain of health, how are they materialized; what are their potential and effective functions; and what kind of challenges do they face?
In order to provide an answer to this problématique, using an analytical framework elaborated from the on-going debates on interregionalism in the field of International Relations, this research project appreciates the nature, the functions as well as the challenges of health interregionalism between Asia and Europe in several domains such as pandemic influenza, HIV/AIDS, non-communicable diseases and migrants’ health, healthcare workers’ migration, drugs and intellectual property rights, biotechnology,… . Then, in the light of this empirical study, it concludes on Asia-Europe health interregionalism in general and aims to show how the analysis of such phenomenon provides a better understanding of the multifaceted dimensions of interregionalism, as well as of the Asia-Europe relationship and of the evolving nature of global health governance.
Keywords: Interregionalism, global health governance, global health diplomacy, Asia-Europe relations
